Trump’s blitz of executive orders is reshaping America. See the full list

CLEVELAND, Ohio -- In the early months of his return to the White House, President Donald Trump has signed a flurry of executive orders — each one a window into the priorities and philosophy of his second term. From immigration crackdowns to changes in federal hiring and civil rights enforcement, the orders aim to dramatically reshape domestic policy and federal oversight.
Many echo the themes of his first presidency: tougher stances on crime and immigration, skepticism toward diversity and inclusion policies and a preference for deregulation in education and energy. Supporters see a return to order and meritocracy. Critics warn of a rollback of hard-won protections and a federal government increasingly hostile to marginalized groups.
At readers’ request, we’ve compiled all 152 executive orders Trump has signed in his second term, as of May 12 — along with their status, legal challenges and public response — to help you cut through the noise and understand what’s changing, and why it matters.
This project was built with the help of AI tools as part of our newsroom’s ongoing experimentation with the technology. A project of this scope would typically take a reporter weeks; AI allowed us to move faster. While we spot-checked for accuracy, there’s always a chance we missed something — and we welcome your corrections.
-- Leila Atassi, editor of Public Interest/Advocacy (latassi@)
Executive Order 14298 – Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates To Reflect Discussions With the People’s Republic of China (May 12, 2025)
Summary: Temporarily lowers most tariffs on Chinese imports to 10% for 90 days after trade negotiations.
Status: Active; new tariff rates are in effect.
Controversies: Praised by importers, criticized by trade hawks; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14297 – Delivering Most-Favored-Nation Prescription Drug Pricing to American Patients (May 12, 2025)
Summary: Requires U.S. drug prices to match the lowest in peer countries, with enforcement if drugmakers do not comply.
Status: Active; HHS is setting price targets.
Controversies: Supported by patient advocates, opposed by drug makers and some foreign governments; legal challenges possible.
Executive Order 14296 – Keeping Promises to Veterans and Establishing a National Center for Warrior Independence (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Creates a national center for homeless veterans in Los Angeles and expands VA support and accountability.
Status: Active; VA and HUD are implementing reforms.
Controversies: Welcomed by veterans’ groups; some concerns about funding shifts; no lawsuits.
Executive Order 14295 – Increasing Efficiency at the Office of the Federal Register (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Speeds up and reduces the cost of publishing federal regulations by modernizing the Federal Register process.
Status: Active; modernization and reporting underway.
Controversies: Generally supported, but some warn of risks from rushed publication; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14294 – Fighting Overcriminalization in Federal Regulations (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Limits criminal penalties for regulatory violations unless intent and harm are proven, emphasizing civil remedies.
Status: Active; agencies are reviewing offenses and updating policies.
Controversies: Praised by reformers, criticized by some safety advocates as weakening enforcement; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14293 – Regulatory Relief To Promote Domestic Production of Critical Medicines (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Streamlines permitting and regulations to boost U.S. drug manufacturing and tighten oversight of foreign producers.
Status: Active; agencies revising regulations.
Controversies: Industry and environmental groups concerned about standards; no major legal challenges.
Executive Order 14292 – Improving the Safety and Security of Biological Research (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Halts federal funding for high-risk biological research lacking strong biosafety, with new rules and transparency.
Status: Active; agencies preparing restrictions.
Controversies: Debate over research impacts; no lawsuits but calls for clarification.
Executive Order 14291 – Establishment of the Religious Liberty Commission (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Creates a commission to assess threats to religious freedom and recommend policy actions.
Status: Active; commission appointments underway.
Controversies: Civil rights groups worry about favoritism or church-state issues; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14290 – Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Biased Media (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Ends all federal funding to NPR and PBS, citing concerns over political bias.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and ending funding.
Controversies: Highly controversial; free speech advocates warn of viewpoint discrimination, no major lawsuits.
Executive Order 14289 – Addressing Certain Tariffs on Imported Articles (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Prevents overlapping tariffs on the same imports and updates enforcement procedures.
Status: Active; customs agencies updating procedures.
Controversies: Mixed reaction from importers and trade groups; no significant legal challenges.
Executive Order 14288 – Strengthening and Unleashing America’s Law Enforcement To Pursue Criminals and Protect Innocent Citizens (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Expands federal support for state and local police, including legal defense, equipment, and pay increases.
Status: Active; DOJ and DHS implementing support measures.
Controversies: Criticized for undermining police accountability and equity reforms; no major lawsuits.
Executive Order 14287 – Protecting American Communities From Criminal Aliens (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Targets sanctuary jurisdictions by identifying them and restricting certain federal funds.
Status: Active; DOJ and DHS preparing enforcement.
Controversies: Cities and states plan court challenges on federalism grounds; litigation expected.
Executive Order 14286 – Enforcing Commonsense Rules of the Road for America’s Truck Drivers (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Mandates strict enforcement of English proficiency for truck drivers and reviews licensing security.
Status: Active; DOT revising enforcement procedures.
Controversies: Labor groups fear shortages and discrimination; no major legal actions.
Executive Order 14285 – Unleashing America’s Offshore Critical Minerals and Resources (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Accelerates offshore mineral extraction and streamlines permitting to secure supply chains.
Status: Active; agencies coordinating extraction efforts.
Controversies: Environmental groups preparing legal challenges; industry supportive.
Executive Order 14284 – Strengthening Probationary Periods in the Federal Service (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Requires agencies to actively certify new federal employees for permanent status or terminate employment.
Status: Active; agencies updating hiring procedures.
Controversies: Unions criticize loss of job security; legal challenges anticipated.
Executive Order 14283 – White House Initiative To Promote Excellence and Innovation at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Reestablishes a White House Initiative to strengthen HBCUs through federal, private-sector, and philanthropic partnerships.
Status: Active; initiative and advisory board being formed.
Controversies: Broadly welcomed by HBCU leaders; minimal criticism over revoking a 2021 order with broader equity language.
Executive Order 14282 – Transparency Regarding Foreign Influence at American Universities (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Strengthens enforcement of foreign funding disclosure laws for universities and ties federal grants to compliance.
Status: Active; Education Department drafting new rules.
Controversies: Universities concerned about compliance costs; some civil liberties groups warn of overreach.
Executive Order 14281 – Restoring Equality of Opportunity and Meritocracy (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Eliminates disparate-impact liability in federal civil rights enforcement, framing it as restoring merit-based treatment.
Status: Active; agencies deprioritizing disparate-impact enforcement.
Controversies: Strong opposition from civil rights groups; NAACP and ACLU signal intent to litigate.
Executive Order 14280 – Reinstating Commonsense School Discipline Policies (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Rejects race-based school discipline policies and directs new guidance discouraging disparate-impact enforcement.
Status: Active; Education Department preparing new guidance.
Controversies: Civil rights groups warn of increased racial disparities; some states will maintain their own equity policies.
Executive Order 14279 – Reforming Accreditation To Strengthen Higher Education (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Directs reform of college accreditation to remove DEI requirements and emphasize student outcomes.
Status: Active; Education Department reviewing standards.
Controversies: Higher education groups warn of threats to institutional autonomy; DEI advocates mobilizing opposition.
Executive Order 14278 – Preparing Americans for High-Paying Skilled Trade Jobs of the Future (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Overhauls workforce development programs to emphasize apprenticeships and alternatives to 4-year degrees.
Status: Active; agencies consolidating programs and expanding apprenticeships.
Controversies: Generally well-received; some concerns about funding shifts from traditional education.
Executive Order 14277 – Advancing Artificial Intelligence Education for American Youth (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Establishes a task force to integrate AI education into K-12 and workforce training.
Status: Active; task force forming and AI Challenge being designed.
Controversies: Broadly supported; some privacy concerns about student data.
Executive Order 14276 – Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Overhauls seafood policy to boost domestic fishing through deregulation and targeting foreign trade practices.
Status: Active; Commerce and NOAA revising regulations.
Controversies: Environmental groups warn of overfishing; industry divided; litigation likely if protections weakened.
Executive Order 14275 – Restoring Common Sense to Federal Procurement (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Overhauls federal acquisition regulations to eliminate red tape and sunset non-statutory rules.
Status: Active; FAR Council drafting changes.
Controversies: Generally supported by reform advocates; some contractors concerned about regulatory uncertainty.
Executive Order 14274 – Restoring Common Sense to Federal Office Space Management (May 9, 2025)
Summary: Allows agencies to prioritize cost-effective office locations outside urban centers, revoking prior mandates.
Status: Active; GSA updating location policies.
Controversies: Urban advocates and preservationists warn of negative impacts on downtowns and historic properties.
Executive Order 14273 – Lowering Drug Prices by Once Again Putting Americans First (April 15, 2025)
Summary: Rolls back previous drug policies, expands Trump-era price controls, and promotes importation and transparency to lower U.S. drug costs.
Status: Active; HHS and CMS drafting new rules and negotiating prices.
Controversies: Industry strongly opposed; legal challenges expected.
Executive Order 14272 – Ensuring National Security and Economic Resilience Through Section 232 Actions on Processed Critical Minerals and Derivative Products (April 15, 2025)
Summary: Initiates a national security investigation into U.S. reliance on foreign processed critical minerals and considers trade actions.
Status: Active; Commerce Department investigation underway.
Controversies: Supported by industry, but trading partners warn of WTO challenges.
Executive Order 14271 – Ensuring Commercial, Cost-Effective Solutions in Federal Contracts (April 15, 2025)
Summary: Requires agencies to prioritize commercial products in procurement and justify custom purchases.
Status: Active; agencies updating procurement guidelines.
Controversies: Some contractors worry about fewer custom opportunities; no major challenges.
Executive Order 14270 – Zero-Based Regulatory Budgeting to Unleash American Energy (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Mandates review and sunset of all energy-related regulations unless justified and reauthorized.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing regulations for sunset.
Controversies: Environmental groups preparing lawsuits; industry supportive.
Executive Order 14269 – Restoring America’s Maritime Dominance (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Launches a plan to rebuild U.S. shipbuilding, impose tariffs on Chinese equipment, and strengthen the maritime workforce.
Status: Active; Maritime Action Plan and tariffs in development.
Controversies: Unions supportive; shippers and China warn of higher costs and retaliation.
Executive Order 14268 – Reforming Foreign Defense Sales To Improve Speed and Accountability (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Streamlines foreign military sales to key allies and improves transparency and coordination.
Status: Active; State and Defense updating processes.
Controversies: Generally supported; some worry about reduced oversight.
Executive Order 14267 – Reducing Anti-Competitive Regulatory Barriers (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Directs agencies to identify and eliminate regulations that stifle competition.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and compiling lists.
Controversies: Supported by business groups; some incumbents lobbying to keep rules.
Executive Order 14266 – Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates to Reflect Trading Partner Retaliation and Alignment (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Raises tariffs on Chinese imports to 125%, suspends higher tariffs for 75 partners, and increases duties on low-value imports.
Status: Active; new tariffs and enforcement in effect.
Controversies: Supported by manufacturers; importers and China warn of higher prices and trade disputes.
Executive Order 14265 – Modernizing Defense Acquisitions and Spurring Innovation in the Defense Industrial Base (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Overhauls Pentagon acquisitions to boost speed, flexibility, and innovation, prioritizing commercial solutions.
Status: Active; Pentagon reviewing and streamlining acquisition processes.
Controversies: Welcomed by contractors; some warn of accountability risks.
Executive Order 14264 – Maintaining Acceptable Water Pressure in Showerheads (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Rescinds 2021 showerhead water flow restrictions, rolling back efficiency mandates.
Status: Active; DOE has rescinded the prior rule.
Controversies: Supported by consumers; environmentalists criticize loss of conservation, but no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14263 – Addressing Risks From Susman Godfrey (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Targets law firm Susman Godfrey LLP for alleged misconduct, directing agencies to review and potentially suspend contracts and clearances.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing contracts and clearances.
Controversies: Widely condemned as executive overreach; legal challenges expected if firm penalized.
Executive Order 14262 – Strengthening the Reliability and Security of the United States Electric Grid (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Prioritizes grid reliability as a national security issue, empowering DOE to keep critical power plants online and streamline emergency actions.
Status: Active; DOE implementing reliability measures.
Controversies: Supported by utilities; environmentalists warn it could prolong fossil fuel use.
Executive Order 14261 – Reinvigorating America’s Beautiful Clean Coal Industry (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Declares coal a strategic asset, ends leasing moratorium, and promotes coal production, exports, and new uses.
Status: Active; agencies increasing coal support and exports.
Controversies: Coal industry supportive; environmentalists and climate advocates strongly opposed.
Executive Order 14260 – Protecting American Energy From State Overreach (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Directs DOJ to challenge state and local laws that burden domestic energy production.
Status: Active; DOJ preparing legal challenges.
Controversies: States and legal experts anticipate major federalism litigation.
Executive Order 14259 – Amendment to Reciprocal Tariffs and Updated Duties on Low-Value Imports from China (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Raises tariffs on Chinese imports and low-value goods to maintain pressure and close loopholes.
Status: Active; tariffs enforced, customs updating procedures.
Controversies: Escalates trade tensions; importers warn of higher costs.
Executive Order 14258 – Extending the TikTok Enforcement Delay (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Delays enforcement of TikTok ban under the Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act through June 19, 2025.
Status: Active; enforcement paused, DOJ not pursuing penalties.
Controversies: Welcomed by TikTok, criticized by national security advocates.
Executive Order 14257 – Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Imposes a 10% duty on most imports, with higher rates for countries with trade imbalances.
Status: Active; new tariff structure being implemented.
Controversies: Praised by manufacturers, criticized for risking trade wars and higher prices.
Executive Order 14256 – Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Ends duty-free treatment for low-value goods from China/Hong Kong to fight opioid smuggling.
Status: Active; new duties and requirements in effect.
Controversies: Supported by law enforcement; e-commerce and shipping firms criticize compliance costs.
Executive Order 14255 – Establishing the United States Investment Accelerator (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Creates an accelerator to expedite large investments by streamlining permitting and regulatory processes.
Status: Active; accelerator coordinating with agencies.
Controversies: Generally supported; some worry about oversight and environmental shortcuts.
Executive Order 14254 – Combating Unfair Practices in the Live Entertainment Market (April 9, 2025)
Summary: Targets anti-competitive ticketing practices and price-gouging, directing FTC and DOJ enforcement.
Status: Active; investigations and recommendations underway.
Controversies: Popular with consumers; ticketing firms warn of regulatory overreach.
Executive Order 14253 – Restoring Truth and Sanity to American History (March 27, 2025)
Summary: Promotes a celebratory view of American history in federal institutions and mandates restoration of monuments.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing exhibits and allocating restoration funds.
Controversies: Criticized as political interference and an attack on academic freedom; public debate ongoing.
Executive Order 14252 – Making the District of Columbia Safe and Beautiful (March 27, 2025)
Summary: Creates a federal initiative and task force to address crime and beautification in D.C.
Status: Active; task force operating, projects underway.
Controversies: Praised by some, but criticized for potential over-policing and displacement; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14251 – Exclusions From Federal Labor-Management Relations Programs (March 27, 2025)
Summary: Expands exclusions from labor-management laws for federal agencies, affecting certain employees and unions.
Status: Active; agencies implementing exclusions and notifying parties.
Controversies: Strong union opposition; legal challenges expected but not yet filed.
Executive Order 14250 – Addressing Risks From WilmerHale (March 27, 2025)
Summary: Targets law firm WilmerHale for alleged harmful conduct, directing agencies to suspend contracts and clearances.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and suspending contracts and clearances.
Controversies: Condemned as executive overreach and due process violation; legal challenges anticipated.
Executive Order 14249 – Protecting America’s Bank Account Against Fraud, Waste, and Abuse (March 25, 2025)
Summary: Empowers Treasury to pre-screen agency payments for fraud and centralizes federal financial controls.
Status: Active; Treasury implementing new payment screening and system consolidation.
Controversies: Generally supported; some concerns about administrative burden and centralization.
Executive Order 14248 – Preserving and Protecting the Integrity of American Elections (March 25, 2025)
Summary: Mandates proof of citizenship for voter registration, tightens election funding, and restricts vote-by-mail.
Status: Active; agencies implementing new requirements and DOJ prioritizing prosecutions.
Controversies: Highly controversial; civil rights groups and states argue it restricts voting access; legal challenges expected.
Executive Order 14247 – Modernizing Payments To and From America’s Bank Account (March 25, 2025)
Summary: Mandates government-wide transition to electronic payments and receipts by September 30, 2025.
Status: Active; agencies transitioning to digital payments, overseen by Treasury.
Controversies: Generally supported; some concerns about access for unbanked recipients.
Executive Order 14246 – Addressing Risks From Jenner & Block (March 25, 2025)
Summary: Targets Jenner & Block for alleged partisan lawfare, directing agencies to suspend clearances and contracts.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and suspending clearances, contracts, and interactions.
Controversies: Condemned by legal community as politicized and threatening due process; legal challenges expected.
Executive Order 14245 – Imposing Tariffs on Countries Importing Venezuelan Oil (March 24, 2025)
Summary: Authorizes a 25% tariff on imports from countries that import Venezuelan oil, citing national security.
Status: Active; State identifying targets, customs preparing enforcement.
Controversies: Trading partners protest; economists warn of higher prices; international disputes likely.
Executive Order 14244 – Addressing Remedial Action by Paul Weiss (March 21, 2025)
Summary: Revokes prior targeting of Paul Weiss, credits firm for reforms, and restores agency relations.
Status: Active; agencies restoring normal relations.
Controversies: Cautiously approved as a positive reversal; critics warn of politicizing the legal profession.
Executive Order 14243 – Stopping Waste, Fraud, and Abuse by Eliminating Information Silos (March 20, 2025)
Summary: Requires federal agencies to share unclassified data across agencies and with state-managed programs, revising rules to reduce information silos and reviewing overclassification.
Status: Active; agencies revising rules and reviewing over classification.
Controversies: Supported for transparency, but privacy and data security concerns raised; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14242 – Improving Education Outcomes by Empowering Parents, States, and Communities (March 20, 2025)
Summary: Begins dismantling the Department of Education, shifting control to states and targeting programs on diversity, equity, inclusion, and gender identity.
Status: Active; department wind-down and transition planning underway.
Controversies: Highly controversial; critics warn of harm to marginalized students and loss of federal protections; lawsuits expected if closure proceeds.
Executive Order 14241 – Immediate Measures To Increase American Mineral Production (March 20, 2025)
Summary: Fast-tracks mineral production by expediting permits, waiving regulations, and prioritizing mining on federal lands for security and economic reasons.
Status: Active; agencies identifying lands and expediting mining permits.
Controversies: Strong opposition from environmental and Indigenous groups; legal challenges likely if projects proceed without review.
Executive Order 14240 – Eliminating Waste and Saving Taxpayer Dollars by Consolidating Procurement (March 20, 2025)
Summary: Centralizes federal procurement of goods and IT under GSA to reduce duplication and improve oversight.
Status: Active; agencies shifting procurement to GSA, which is developing a consolidated plan.
Controversies: Generally supported, but concerns about transition and agency flexibility; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14239 – Achieving Efficiency Through State and Local Preparedness (March 18, 2025)
Summary: Shifts disaster preparedness focus to state, local, and individual responsibility, reducing centralized federal roles.
Status: Active; agencies overhauling policies and developing new resilience strategies.
Controversies: Concerns about reduced federal support and resource gaps for states; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14238 – Continuing the Reduction of the Federal Bureaucracy (March 14, 2025)
Summary: Orders elimination of non-statutory federal functions and reduces agencies to legal minimums, with OMB denying inconsistent funding.
Status: Active; agencies identifying cuts, OMB enforcing funding limits.
Controversies: Opposed by unions and advocates over job losses and service cuts; no legal action yet.
Executive Order 14237 – Addressing Risks from Paul Weiss (March 14, 2025)
Summary: Targeted law firm Paul Weiss for alleged misconduct, suspending access and contracts; later revoked.
Status: Revoked by EO 14244 after firm made reforms.
Controversies: Criticized as abuse of power and threat to legal independence; concerns remain despite revocation.
Executive Order 14236 – Additional Rescissions of Harmful Executive Orders and Actions (March 14, 2025)
Summary: Rescinds 18 Biden-era executive actions on COVID-19, clean energy, labor, tribal policy, and LGBTQ+ rights abroad.
Status: Active; agencies updating policies to reflect rescissions.
Controversies: Highly controversial; advocacy groups condemn rollbacks, legal challenges possible.
Executive Order 14235 – Restoring Public Service Loan Forgiveness (March 7, 2025)
Summary: Excludes employees of organizations with a “substantial illegal purpose” from PSLF, targeting certain advocacy groups.
Status: Active; Department drafting regulatory changes.
Controversies: Strong opposition from civil rights and advocacy groups; legal challenges likely if implemented.
Executive Order 14234 – Establishing the White House Task Force on the FIFA World Cup 2026 (March 7, 2025)
Summary: Creates a White House Task Force to coordinate federal efforts for the 2025 Club World Cup and 2026 World Cup.
Status: Active; Task Force forming, agency plans due June 1, 2025.
Controversies: Largely uncontroversial, some fiscal concerns raised; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14233 – Establishment of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile (March 6, 2025)
Summary: Creates a federal bitcoin reserve and digital asset stockpile to manage government-held crypto assets.
Status: Active; agencies inventorying and transferring assets, Treasury developing strategies.
Controversies: Debated by regulators and crypto groups; concerns over volatility and legal authority, but no lawsuits.
Executive Order 14232 – Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Southern Border (March 6, 2025)
Summary: Modifies tariffs on Mexican imports to exempt USMCA goods and lower the tariff on non-exempt potash, aiming to reduce economic disruption, especially in the automotive sector.
Status: Active; tariffs adjusted, customs and trade agencies implementing changes.
Controversies: Praised by business groups as pragmatic, but criticized by immigration and drug policy advocates for not addressing root causes; racial justice advocates warn of reinforcing harmful stereotypes; no legal challenges reported.
Executive Order 14231 – Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (March 6, 2025)
Summary: Softens tariffs on Canadian imports to protect the U.S. automotive industry, exempting USMCA goods and lowering tariffs on non-exempt potash.
Status: Active; new tariff rules in effect, customs agencies enforcing.
Controversies: Eased industry tensions, but border security advocates say it weakens enforcement; racial justice concerns over selective enforcement and perpetuation of systemic inequities; no legal challenges reported.
Executive Order 14230 – Addressing Risks From Perkins Coie LLP (March 6, 2025)
Summary: Targets Perkins Coie for alleged election-related misconduct and discriminatory hiring, ordering review of security clearances, contract severance, and investigation of law firm employment practices.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing clearances, severing contracts, and investigating practices.
Controversies: Highly controversial for targeting a firm with a civil rights record; critics warn of chilling legal advocacy and undermining access to justice for marginalized groups; legal challenges likely if contracts or clearances are revoked, but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14229 – Honoring Jocelyn Nungaray (March 4, 2025)
Summary: Renames Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge in Texas as Jocelyn Nungaray National Wildlife Refuge, citing her murder by undocumented immigrants as a statement on immigration policy.
Status: Active; agencies updating signage and records.
Controversies: Criticized for politicizing a tragedy and advancing an immigration agenda; some advocacy groups call for a more sensitive approach; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14228 – Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China (March 3, 2025)
Summary: Doubles tariffs from 10% to 20% on certain Chinese goods to pressure China on synthetic opioid trafficking, especially fentanyl.
Status: Active; customs agencies implementing new rates.
Controversies: Supported by law enforcement, but importers and China warn of supply chain disruptions and higher costs; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14227 – Amendment to Duties To Address the Situation at Our Southern Border (March 2, 2025)
Summary: Closes a de minimis loophole, ending duty-free treatment for certain low-value Mexican imports once tracking systems are certified.
Status: Active; customs agencies preparing for transition.
Controversies: Seen as a technical fix, but importers and logistics companies worry about compliance costs; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14226 – Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (March 2, 2025)
Summary: Modifies de minimis provision for Canadian imports, ending duty-free status once tracking systems are certified by Commerce.
Status: Active; customs agencies implementing the change.
Controversies: Viewed as a compliance measure; no legal challenges reported.
Executive Order 14225 – Immediate Expansion of American Timber Production (March 1, 2025)
Summary: Orders increased domestic timber production by streamlining permitting, setting sales targets, and relaxing environmental reviews.
Status: Active; agencies streamlining permitting and implementing relaxed reviews.
Controversies: Strongly opposed by environmental and Indigenous groups over ecosystem and tribal rights concerns; industries support; legal challenges likely if projects proceed without review, but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14224 – Designating English as the Official Language of the United States (March 1, 2025)
Summary: Declares English the official U.S. language, revokes multilingual access requirements, and directs updated federal guidance.
Status: Active; English designated official language, agencies updating guidance.
Controversies: Civil rights and immigrant groups oppose the order, warning of reduced access for non-English speakers and possible civil rights violations; legal challenges anticipated.
Executive Order 14223 – Addressing the Threat to National Security From Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products (March 1, 2025)
Summary: Directs Commerce to investigate whether timber and lumber imports threaten national security, with a report due in 270 days.
Status: Active; investigation launched, report pending.
Controversies: Supported by domestic producers, but importers, trading partners, and environmental groups warn of trade retaliation and increased logging; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14222 – Implementing the President’s “Department of Government Efficiency” Cost Efficiency Initiative (February 26, 2025)
Summary: Launches a government-wide review and restructuring of agency spending, contracts, travel, and real estate to reduce waste.
Status: Active; agencies consolidating functions and reporting to the new Department of Government Efficiency.
Controversies: Supported by fiscal conservatives, but federal unions and agencies warn of job losses and loss of expertise; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14221 – Making America Healthy Again by Empowering Patients With Clear, Accurate, and Actionable Healthcare Pricing Information (February 25, 2025)
Summary: Revives and strengthens healthcare price transparency rules, requiring hospitals and insurers to publicly disclose actual prices for services, drugs, and negotiated rates.
Status: Active; agencies updating and enforcing transparency regulations, hospitals and insurers now disclosing prices.
Controversies: Popular with patient advocates and employers; hospital associations and some insurers warn of compliance burdens and risk of price collusion; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14220 – Addressing the Threat to National Security From Imports of Copper (February 25, 2025)
Summary: Directs Commerce to investigate if U.S. reliance on imported copper threatens national security, considering tariffs or incentives to boost domestic supply.
Status: Active; Section 232 investigation underway, recommendations expected later in the year.
Controversies: Supported by domestic mining groups; importers and trading partners warn of higher costs and possible trade retaliation; environmental concerns over expanded mining.
Executive Order 14219 – Ensuring Lawful Governance and Implementing the President’s “Department of Government Efficiency” Deregulatory Initiative (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Orders agencies to review and report regulations that may exceed legal authority or conflict with national priorities, deprioritizing enforcement of such rules.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and reporting regulations, preparing to rescind or modify those deemed excessive.
Controversies: Backed by deregulation advocates; regulatory experts and public interest groups warn of weakened safeguards; no legal challenges reported.
Executive Order 14218 – Ending Taxpayer Subsidization of Open Borders (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Directs agencies to restrict public benefits for undocumented immigrants, enhance verification, and prevent funds from supporting sanctuary policies.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing programs, DOJ and DHS preparing new verification and enforcement systems.
Controversies: Criticized by immigrant advocates for risking wrongful denial of benefits and discrimination; supporters claim it deters illegal immigration; legal challenges likely if benefits are denied, but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14217 – Commencing the Reduction of the Federal Bureaucracy (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Begins eliminating or downsizing nonessential federal programs, advisory committees, and staff, with OMB enforcing budget cuts.
Status: Active; agencies identifying targets for cuts, OMB overseeing compliance.
Controversies: Strongly opposed by unions and public interest groups over job losses and reduced services; congressional concerns raised; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14216 – Expanding Access to In Vitro Fertilization (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Directs agencies to develop policies to reduce regulatory and cost barriers to IVF and promote broader access.
Status: Active; agencies developing recommendations, report due in 90 days.
Controversies: Praised by fertility advocates and providers; some religious and conservative groups raise ethical concerns; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14215 – Ensuring Accountability for All Agencies (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Requires independent regulatory agencies to submit major regulations for White House review and asserts presidential and Attorney General authority over legal interpretations.
Status: Active; agencies submitting regulations for review, OMB and Attorney General asserting oversight.
Controversies: Criticized for undermining agency independence and risking politicization; supporters cite increased accountability; legal challenges possible, none filed yet.
Executive Order 14214 – Keeping Education Accessible and Ending COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates in Schools (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Directs Education Department to discourage COVID-19 vaccine mandates in schools and consider withholding funds from institutions imposing them.
Status: Active; Education Department issuing guidance and reviewing funding for compliance.
Controversies: Criticized by public health and education groups for undermining health protections; supporters frame it as defending personal freedom; legal challenges possible if funds withheld, none filed.
Executive Order 14213 – Establishing the National Energy Dominance Council (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Creates a council to coordinate and advise on policies to increase domestic energy production, streamline permitting, and expand infrastructure.
Status: Active; council formed, developing strategies, interagency coordination underway.
Controversies: Supported by energy industry and some labor unions; environmental groups warn of increased fossil fuel development and climate risks; legal challenges possible if permitting is expedited.
Executive Order 14212 – Establishing the President’s Make America Healthy Again Commission (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Creates a commission to address childhood chronic disease and recommend reforms for prevention and scientific integrity in healthcare.
Status: Active; commission forming, stakeholder meetings and data collection underway.
Controversies: Generally supported by public health advocates; some concern over politicization or focus; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14211 – One Voice for America’s Foreign Relations (February 19, 2025)
Summary: Reasserts presidential control over foreign policy, directing State Department staff to follow the President’s agenda and empowering discipline for noncompliance.
Status: Active; State Department implementing new disciplinary and evaluation procedures.
Controversies: Criticized by diplomats and foreign service associations as suppressing dissent and politicizing diplomacy; supporters say it ensures unified policy; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14210 – Implementing the President’s “Department of Government Efficiency” Workforce Optimization Initiative (February 12, 2025)
Summary: Launches a government-wide effort to downsize the federal workforce by limiting agencies to one new hire for every four departures, prioritizing cuts to non-statutory offices like DEI initiatives.
Status: Active; agencies implementing one-hire-for-four-departures policy, prioritizing reductions in non-statutory offices, and planning large-scale workforce reductions; OMB and OPM overseeing compliance.
Controversies: Federal employee unions and some public sector advocates warn of significant job losses and reduced government capacity; congressional concerns raised; no lawsuits yet, but union grievances likely.
Executive Order 14209 – Pausing Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Enforcement To Further American Economic and National Security (February 12, 2025)
Summary: Directs the Attorney General to suspend new FCPA enforcement actions for 180 days while reviewing ongoing cases and enforcement guidelines.
Status: Active; DOJ has suspended new FCPA enforcement actions for 180 days and is reviewing cases and guidelines.
Controversies: Highly controversial among anti-corruption advocates and legal experts, who warn it may signal tolerance for bribery; supporters argue it limits regulatory overreach; legal challenges unlikely, but congressional oversight possible.
Executive Order 14208 – Ending Procurement and Forced Use of Paper Straws (February 12, 2025)
Summary: Halts federal purchase and use of paper straws, revokes prior policies discouraging plastic straws, and calls for a strategy to eliminate federal disincentives for plastic straw use.
Status: Active; agencies have halted paper straw use, revoked prior policies, and are developing a national strategy for plastic straw use.
Controversies: Environmental groups criticize the order as a setback for sustainability; some disability advocates support increased access to plastic straws; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14207 – Eliminating the Federal Executive Institute (February 10, 2025)
Summary: Directs OPM to shut down the Federal Executive Institute, a leadership training center for senior federal employees, as part of broader federal downsizing.
Status: Active; OPM shutting down FEI, reassigning or eliminating staff and programs, facility set to close by mid-March 2025.
Controversies: Federal management associations and public administration experts oppose closure, warning of weakened leadership development; supporters argue it cuts bureaucratic excess; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14206 – Protecting Second Amendment Rights (February 7, 2025)
Summary: Directs the Attorney General to review federal agency actions since 2021 for potential infringements on gun rights and propose a plan to safeguard Second Amendment protections.
Status: Active; Attorney General reviewing agency actions and preparing rollback plan.
Controversies: Supported by gun rights groups; gun control advocates warn of undermined regulations and increased risk; legal challenges possible if regulations are rescinded, none yet.
Executive Order 14205 – Establishment of the White House Faith Office (February 7, 2025)
Summary: Creates the White House Faith Office to support faith-based organizations and community groups, promoting equal funding access and religious liberty protections.
Status: Active; Faith Office established, agencies updating policies.
Controversies: Civil liberties and secular groups raise concerns about church-state separation and preferential treatment; supporters praise faith-based partnerships; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14204 – Addressing Egregious Actions of the Republic of South Africa (February 7, 2025)
Summary: Suspends U.S. aid to South Africa over its property expropriation law and alignment with adversaries, prioritizing resettlement and humanitarian relief for affected minorities.
Status: Active; aid suspended, resettlement and humanitarian efforts underway.
Controversies: Human rights organizations and international law experts warn of negative humanitarian and diplomatic impacts; supporters see it as necessary; no legal challenges reported.
Executive Order 14203 – Imposing Sanctions on the International Criminal Court (February 6, 2025)
Summary: Declares a national emergency to block assets and ban entry of ICC personnel investigating U.S. and Israeli officials, authorizing sanctions and reviewing ongoing ICC investigations.
Status: Active; asset blocks and visa restrictions enforced, investigations under review.
Controversies: Condemned by international law and human rights groups as undermining justice; supporters say it protects sovereignty; legal challenges unlikely due to presidential authority.
Executive Order 14202 – Eradicating Anti-Christian Bias (February 6, 2025)
Summary: Establishes a DOJ-led task force to identify and eliminate alleged anti-Christian bias in federal agencies, reviewing policies and recommending corrective measures.
Status: Active; task force reviewing policies and preparing recommendations.
Controversies: Civil liberties groups warn it may privilege one faith and suppress neutrality; supporters argue it addresses discrimination; no lawsuits filed, public debate ongoing.
Executive Order 14201 – Keeping Men Out of Women’s Sports (February 5, 2025)
Summary: Enforces a biological sex-based definition of women’s sports in federally funded institutions, threatening to rescind Title IX funds and restrict visas for trans-identifying athletes.
Status: Active; enforcement underway with funding threats and visa restrictions.
Controversies: Highly controversial; LGBTQ+ and civil rights groups condemn as discriminatory; legal challenges expected but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14200 – Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China (February 5, 2025)
Summary: Modifies tariffs on low-value opioid-related imports from China, ending de minimis exemptions once adequate tracking systems are certified.
Status: Active; de minimis exemptions ending as tracking systems are certified.
Controversies: Supported by law enforcement; importers warn of higher costs; China protests; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14199 – Withdrawing the United States From and Ending Funding to Certain United Nations Organizations and Reviewing United States Support to All International Organizations (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Ends U.S. participation and funding for the UN Human Rights Council and UNRWA, citing bias and terrorism ties, and initiates a review of involvement with other international bodies.
Status: Active; withdrawal and funding halts in effect, reviews ongoing.
Controversies: Condemned by human rights groups and allies as undermining global cooperation; supporters cite U.S. interests and taxpayer protection; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14198 – Progress on the Situation at Our Southern Border (February 3, 2025)
Summary: Delays a 25% tariff on Mexican imports until March 4, 2025, to evaluate Mexico’s cooperation on migration and drug trafficking.
Status: Active; tariff implementation delayed, evaluation ongoing.
Controversies: Business groups welcome the delay; border advocates warn of weakened leverage; no lawsuits or major controversies.
Executive Order 14197 – Progress on the Situation at Our Northern Border (February 3, 2025)
Summary: Delays punitive tariffs on Canadian imports until March 4, 2025, to assess Canada’s cooperation on border issues.
Status: Active; tariff implementation delayed, cooperation assessment ongoing.
Controversies: Tensions eased with Canada; some border advocates oppose the delay; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14196 – A Plan for Establishing a United States Sovereign Wealth Fund (February 3, 2025)
Summary: Directs Treasury and Commerce to develop a plan for a U.S. sovereign wealth fund, outlining funding, investment, and governance, with a report due in 90 days.
Status: Active; plan in development, report due within 90 days.
Controversies: Debated by economists and policy experts; supporters see fiscal benefits, critics question feasibility and legal authority; no lawsuits.
Executive Order 14195 – Imposing Duties To Address the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People’s Republic of China (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Declares a national emergency and imposes a 10% tariff on all Chinese imports over fentanyl trafficking, revoking de minimis exemptions and directing further enforcement.
Status: Active; tariffs imposed, customs enforcing new rates and compliance.
Controversies: Supported by law enforcement; importers and China warn of higher costs and disruptions; China protests; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14194 – Imposing Duties to Address the Situation at Our Southern Border (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Imposes a 25% tariff on all Mexican imports unless Mexico curbs cross-border trafficking, removes de minimis duty exemptions, and authorizes further trade action.
Status: Active; tariffs in place unless Mexico shows enforcement progress; customs enforcing rules.
Controversies: Business groups and importers warn of higher prices; Mexico protests, considers retaliation; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14193 – Imposing Duties to Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Imposes a 25% tariff on Canadian goods and a 10% tariff on Canadian energy imports unless Canada improves enforcement, revokes de minimis exemptions, and expands the national emergency.
Status: Active; tariffs effective unless Canada demonstrates adequate enforcement; customs enforcing.
Controversies: Strains U.S.-Canada relations; Canada threatens retaliation, importers warn of costs; legal experts cite broad presidential powers; no U.S. lawsuits.
Executive Order 14192 – Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Revives and expands the “one-in, ten-out” deregulation policy, requiring agencies to eliminate 10 regulations for each new one, rescinding Biden-era guidance.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and proposing deregulatory actions, annual cost caps set.
Controversies: Supported by business; environmental, labor, and consumer groups warn of lost safeguards; critics call the rule arbitrary; legal challenges possible, none filed.
Executive Order 14191 – Expanding Educational Freedom and Opportunity for Families (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Directs agencies to promote K-12 school choice and encourage federal funds for private, charter, and faith-based education.
Status: Active; agencies promoting school choice, Education Department issuing guidance.
Controversies: Supported by school choice advocates; public education and civil rights groups warn of resource diversion and discrimination; no lawsuits.
Executive Order 14190 – Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Directs agencies to defund K-12 programs promoting “gender ideology” or “discriminatory equity ideology,” restores the 1776 Commission, and bolsters parental rights.
Status: Active; agencies identifying and defunding targeted programs, commission reestablished.
Controversies: Highly controversial; LGBTQ+ and civil rights groups warn of chilling diversity discussions; supporters cite parental rights; legal challenges likely if funding is withdrawn, none filed.
Executive Order 14189 – Celebrating America’s 250th Birthday (February 4, 2025)
Summary: Establishes Task Force 250 to plan the 2026 U.S. Independence anniversary, revives monument protection, and the National Garden of American Heroes.
Status: Active; Task Force planning, agencies reviving monument initiatives.
Controversies: Generally well received; some historians and civil rights groups question focus and honoree selection; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14188 – Additional Measures to Combat Anti-Semitism (January 31, 2025)
Summary: Reinstates and expands prior measures to combat antisemitism, directing agencies to inventory complaints and court cases, and encouraging removal actions against foreign nationals involved in campus antisemitic activity.
Status: Active; agencies are inventorying complaints, reporting on enforcement, and encouraging removal actions.
Controversies: Praised by Jewish advocacy groups, but some civil liberties and campus organizations warn it could suppress free speech or target political protest; immigration advocates are concerned about removal provisions; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14187 – Protecting Children From Chemical and Surgical Mutilation (January 31, 2025)
Summary: Directs agencies to halt funding and support for gender-affirming care for minors, rescind reliance on WPATH guidelines, and prohibit such care under federal health programs; DOJ to pursue legal action against providers and “sanctuary states.”
Status: Active; agencies halting funding for gender-affirming care for minors, rescinding guidelines, and DOJ preparing legal action.
Controversies: Extremely controversial; major medical associations, LGBTQ+ advocates, and civil liberties groups condemn as harmful and unconstitutional; several states and providers preparing legal challenges, lawsuits expected imminently.
Executive Order 14186 – The Iron Dome for America (January 31, 2025)
Summary: Directs the Department of Defense to develop a next-generation missile defense shield for the U.S. homeland, including space-based interceptors and new kinetic/non-kinetic capabilities, with a funding and implementation plan due in 60 days.
Status: Active; DOD developing the missile defense shield and preparing the required plan.
Controversies: Supported by defense hawks and some lawmakers; arms control advocates and budget watchdogs warn of high costs, technical challenges, and risk of an arms race; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14185 – Restoring America’s Fighting Force (January 27, 2025)
Summary: Eliminates all Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) offices and programs within the Department of Defense and Coast Guard, bans race- or sex-based preferences, and prohibits “divisive concepts” and “gender ideology” in military education.
Status: Active; DEI offices and programs are being eliminated, preferences banned, and education institutions under review for compliance.
Controversies: Highly controversial; civil rights and veterans’ groups warn of undermined diversity and readiness; supporters argue it restores meritocracy; legal challenges possible, none filed yet.
Executive Order 14184 – Reinstating Service Members Discharged Under the Military’s COVID-19 Vaccination Mandate (January 27, 2025)
Summary: Mandates reinstatement of service members discharged solely for refusing the COVID-19 vaccine, with full restoration of rank, back pay, and benefits, and permits reentry for voluntary leavers with sworn attestations.
Status: Active; reinstatements underway, applications processed, and progress reports ongoing.
Controversies: Welcomed by some veterans’ groups and vaccine mandate opponents; public health experts and some military leaders warn of undermined force health protection; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14183 – Prioritizing Military Excellence and Readiness (January 27, 2025)
Summary: Directs the Department of Defense to disqualify individuals with gender dysphoria from military service, eliminate use of pronouns not aligned with biological sex, and rescind open service policies for transgender Americans.
Status: Active; DOD disqualifying individuals with gender dysphoria and revising policies.
Controversies: LGBTQ+ advocacy and civil liberties groups preparing legal challenges, arguing discrimination; supporters claim enhanced readiness; lawsuits expected soon.
Executive Order 14182 – Enforcing the Hyde Amendment (January 27, 2025)
Summary: Reaffirms the federal prohibition on using taxpayer funds for elective abortions, directing agencies to comply with the Hyde Amendment and revoking prior actions that expanded abortion access.
Status: Active; agencies directed to comply, OMB issuing new guidance.
Controversies: Reproductive rights groups and some providers strongly oppose, warning of reduced access for low-income individuals; supporters praise strict enforcement; legal challenges possible, none filed.
Executive Order 14181 – Emergency Measures To Provide Water Resources in California and Improve Disaster Response in Certain Areas (January 27, 2025)
Summary: Directs aggressive federal intervention to deliver water to Southern California amid wildfires, overriding state policies and expediting environmental waivers, and mandates disaster recovery and investigations into local management.
Status: Active; federal agencies overriding state policies, expediting waivers, and investigating management failures.
Controversies: Strongly opposed by California officials and environmental groups as undermining state authority and protections; supporters argue necessity for relief; legal challenges possible, none filed.
Executive Order 14180 – Council To Assess the Federal Emergency Management Agency (January 27, 2025)
Summary: Establishes a FEMA Review Council, chaired by Defense and Homeland Security Secretaries, to evaluate FEMA’s effectiveness, impartiality, and disaster response.
Status: Active; council collecting data and stakeholder input, report due within a year.
Controversies: Generally supported, though some disaster management professionals worry about politicization; no legal challenges.
Executive Order 14179 – Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence (January 26, 2025)
Summary: Revokes Biden’s EO 14110 on AI, directs a full review of AI-related regulations to eliminate those hindering U.S. innovation, and mandates a new national action plan for AI dominance.
Status: Active; agencies reviewing and rescinding regulations, new strategy in development.
Controversies: Tech industry groups largely support; AI ethicists and civil liberties groups warn of weakened safeguards; no lawsuits filed.
Executive Order 14178 – Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology (January 26, 2025)
Summary: Reverses prior federal digital asset policies, revokes Biden-era digital currency directives, prohibits development of a U.S. Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), and establishes a working group for new regulations.
Status: Active; directives revoked, CBDC development prohibited, new regulatory framework in progress.
Controversies: Crypto industry groups support; central banking and consumer protection experts warn of limited regulatory flexibility and increased fraud risk; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14177 – President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (January 31, 2025)
Summary: Reestablishes the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) to advise on AI, biotech, quantum computing, and other critical technologies, emphasizing scientific excellence free from political or ideological influence.
Status: Active; PCAST reestablished and operational.
Controversies: Generally welcomed by the scientific community; some critics question independence from political influence; no major controversies or lawsuits.
Executive Order 14176 – Declassification of Records Concerning the Assassinations of JFK, RFK, and MLK Jr. (January 31, 2025)
Summary: Mandates the full release of all remaining government records related to the assassinations of JFK, RFK, and MLK Jr., rejecting further redactions and delays.
Status: Active; agencies preparing declassification plans and releasing records, coordinated by the National Archives.
Controversies: Praised by historians and transparency advocates; some intelligence officials express concern about sensitive information exposure; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14175 – Designation of Ansar Allah as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (January 31, 2025)
Summary: Initiates re-designation of the Iran-backed Houthi group (Ansar Allah) as a Foreign Terrorist Organization and orders a review of USAID partners in Yemen.
Status: Active; Secretary of State proceeding with designation, USAID reviewing partnerships.
Controversies: Supported by lawmakers and allies; humanitarian groups warn of disrupted aid and worsening Yemen crisis; some international law concerns, but legal challenges unlikely.
Executive Order 14174 – Revocation of Certain Executive Orders (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Repeals two Biden-era COVID-19 mandates for federal employees and contractors, ending federal pandemic-era workplace requirements.
Status: Active; mandates immediately repealed, agencies updating policies.
Controversies: Welcomed by mandate opponents; criticized by public health experts and some unions as risking workplace health; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14173 – Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Revokes prior executive actions promoting DEI in federal employment and contracting, eliminates DEI-based preferences, and directs agencies to enforce race- and sex-neutral merit standards.
Status: Active; agencies rescinding DEI policies and reviewing private sector requirements for federal contractors.
Controversies: Strongly opposed by civil rights and DEI advocates; business groups concerned about compliance and litigation risks; lawsuits possible if statutory protections are rolled back, but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14172 – Restoring Names That Honor American Greatness (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Directs renaming Denali to Mount McKinley and the Gulf of Mexico to the “Gulf of America,” with further reviews for additional renamings reflecting American heritage.
Status: Active; agencies implementing renamings, additional proposals under review.
Controversies: Controversial among Alaska Native groups and historians who oppose the Denali reversal; supporters frame it as honoring American history; no legal challenges, but public debate ongoing.
Executive Order 14171 – Restoring Accountability to Policy-Influencing Positions Within the Federal Workforce (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Revives and modifies the Trump-era Schedule F (now “Schedule Policy/Career”), reclassifying certain policy-influencing federal employees as at-will to increase accountability and alignment with presidential priorities.
Status: Active; agencies implementing new classification, updating HR procedures.
Controversies: Strongly opposed by federal employee unions and good government groups as threatening civil service protections and enabling politicization; legal challenges likely, but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14170 – Reforming the Federal Hiring Process and Restoring Merit to Government Service (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Directs development of a Federal Hiring Plan to streamline recruitment, cut hiring times, emphasize merit and skills-based assessments, and ban DEI-based preferences.
Status: Active; agencies developing new plans, OPM overseeing implementation.
Controversies: Civil rights and DEI advocates warn of reduced workforce diversity; some managers concerned about lost flexibility; no lawsuits filed but monitoring for discrimination.
Executive Order 14169 – Reevaluating and Realigning United States Foreign Aid (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Imposes a 90-day pause on new foreign development aid and disbursements for review and alignment with administration priorities; all funding decisions now require Secretary of State and OMB approval.
Status: Active; 90-day pause in effect, agencies reviewing programs.
Controversies: Development and humanitarian groups warn of disrupted aid and harm to vulnerable populations; concerns from lawmakers and foreign governments; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14168 – Defending Women From Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Mandates sex-based definitions in all federal agency policies, removes recognition of gender identity, ends funding for gender identity-related programs, and revises ID standards.
Status: Active; agencies revising policies and terminating gender identity-related funding.
Controversies: Strongly opposed by LGBTQ+ and civil rights groups as discriminatory; lawsuits expected, especially if benefits or services are denied, but none filed yet.
Executive Order 14167 – Clarifying the Military’s Role in Protecting the Territorial Integrity of the United States (January 21, 2025)
Summary: Expands the U.S. military’s role—especially U.S. Northern Command—in securing the southern border, prioritizing border defense as national sovereignty.
Status: Active; military updating operational plans and preparing for expanded border role.
Controversies: Civil liberties groups and some lawmakers warn of blurred lines between military and civilian law enforcement; supporters cite national security; legal challenges possible if used for law enforcement, but none filed.
Executive Order 14166 – Application of Protecting Americans From Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act to TikTok (January 20, 2025)
Summary: Delays enforcement of the Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act against TikTok and ByteDance for 75 days, pending a national security review.
Status: Active; enforcement delayed for 75 days, DOJ barred from action during this period, national security review underway.
Controversies: Welcomed by TikTok and users; some lawmakers and national security experts criticize the delay as undermining data security efforts; no legal challenges filed.
Executive Order 14165 – Securing Our Borders (January 20, 2025)
Summary: Declares a national crisis at the southern border, orders new barrier construction, expanded personnel, reinstates Migrant Protection Protocols, suspends parole and humanitarian entry, and mandates stricter detention and prosecution.
Status: Active; crisis declared, new barriers ordered, expanded enforcement, parole and humanitarian entry suspended.
Controversies: Strong opposition from immigrant rights and civil liberties groups warning of human